QUESTION 1
- 1. If you studied your desktop computer to determine the basic units used by the computer to store information, you might be considered a ______________.
| structuralist | ||
| behaviorist | ||
| dualist | ||
| rationalist |
QUESTION 2
- 1. A collection of photoreceptors organized in such a way that a light excites the photoreceptors in the middle but inhibits photoreceptors toward the outside is also known as a(n) ___________.
| basic receptive field | ||
| excitatory receptive field | ||
| center-surround receptive field | ||
| complex receptive field |
QUESTION 3
- 1. After a stroke, Henry can remember things from his past but is unable to remember new information. Henry has _______________.
| episodic amnesia | ||
| retrograde amnesia | ||
| anterograde amnesia | ||
| semantic amnesia |
QUESTION 4
- 1. Consequences are important for behaviorist theories because consequences establish ______________ between stimuli and behavior.
| testable outcomes | ||
| associations | ||
| specific laws | ||
| observable events |
QUESTION 5
- 1. Disruption in language or speech is referred to as ____________.
| agnosia | ||
| aphasia | ||
| ataxia | ||
| amnesia |
QUESTION 6
- 1. In vision, the dorsal pathway::ventral pathway as _____________.
| frontal lobes::temporal lobes | ||
| occipital lobes::parietal lobes | ||
| LGN::striate cortex | ||
| parietal lobes::temporal lobes |
QUESTION 7
- 1. Memory tests that require you to describe knowledge from memory are known as __________ memory tests.
| semantic | ||
| procedural | ||
| episodic | ||
| explicit |
QUESTION 8
- 1. Nonconscious forms of long-term memory that are expressed as a change in behavior without conscious recollection make up _____________ memory.
| procedural | ||
| implicit | ||
| episodic | ||
| associative |
QUESTION 9
- 1. Processing part of a sensory input for additional details at the expense of others parts involves ________________.
| search | ||
| signal seperation | ||
| selective attention | ||
| shifting where you are looking. |
QUESTION 10
- 1. The ____________ is activated whether you are imagining yourself dunking a basketball or imagined your friend dunking a basketball.
| somatosensory cortex | ||
| posterior cingulate | ||
| premotor cortex | ||
| frontopolor cortex |
QUESTION 11
- 1. The ________________ brain system in reading is important for relating visual information to meaning once reading skill increases.
| occipitoparietal | ||
| temporofrontal | ||
| geniculostriate | ||
| occipitotemporal |
QUESTION 12
- 1. The four types of models of object recognition include all of the following except __________.
| template-matching models | ||
| recognition-by-context models | ||
| feature-matching models | ||
| configural models |
QUESTION 13
- 1. The point at which the intended meaning of a sentence is clear is called the ____________.
| points of understanding | ||
| disambiguation region | ||
| moment of insight | ||
| linguistic clarity marker |
QUESTION 14
- 1. The processing associated with the motor system in which stored information is used to plan and produce actions and to anticipate, predict, and interpret the actions of others is (a/an) __________.
| motor cognition | ||
| perception-action cycle | ||
| action-interpretation coordination | ||
| output analysis |
QUESTION 15
- 1. The superiority of distributed practice over massed practice is known as the ____________.
| intentional learning principle | ||
| massed learning effect | ||
| spacing effect | ||
| generation effect |
QUESTION 16
- 1. When participants are shown a stream of letters, they have difficulty indicating the presence of a probe letter if it is presented between 100 to 500 milliseconds after a target letter. This interval is referred to as a(n) __________________.
| attentional blink | ||
| no processing zone | ||
| blank interval | ||
| period of blindness |
QUESTION 17
- 1. ______________ distinguish(es) imitation from mimicry.
| Attention | ||
| Intention | ||
| Goals | ||
| Practice |
QUESTION 18
- A person’s abstract knowledge of her language is referred to as linguistic:
| A. | productivity. | |
| B. | performance. | |
| C. | regularity. | |
| D. | competence. |
QUESTION 19
- According to _____, language strongly influences the way that a person perceives the world.
| A. | Chomsky | |
| B. | Skinner | |
| C. | Whorf | |
| D. | Thorndike |
QUESTION 20
- According to the ________________ model, expected utility is equal to the sum of the probability times the utility of each possible outcome.
| decision probability | ||
| expected utility | ||
| economic decision | ||
| decision tree |
QUESTION 21
- In the _____ stage of skill acquisition, the individual develops a declarative encoding of the skill.
| A. | autonomous | |
| B. | associative | |
| C. | cognitive | |
| D. | acquisition |
QUESTION 22
- Little executive attention is needed when a task is ______________.
| intentional | ||
| automatic | ||
| controlled | ||
| voluntary |
QUESTION 23
- People prefer __________ when it comes to gains and ___________ when it comes to losses.
| impulsivity, cautiousness | ||
| facts, chance | ||
| risk-seeking, risk-aversion | ||
| certainty, uncertainty |
QUESTION 24
- Representations can be modality specific, meaning that they ____________________.
| are situation specific | ||
| use perceptual or motor systems | ||
| rely on the most common occurrences | ||
| cannot be generalized |
QUESTION 25
- Some patients with Broca’s aphasia:
| A. | can generate but not comprehend speech. | |
| B. | can comprehend and generate speech. | |
| C. | cannot comprehend or generate speech. | |
| D. | can comprehend but not generate speech. |
QUESTION 26
- The attentional controller activates nodes in a neural-network based on
| similarity across representations | ||
| signal strength | ||
| amount of conflict in the response layer | ||
| relevance to goals |
QUESTION 27
- The modal model of memory was proposed by _________________.
| Brown and Peterson | ||
| Sternberg | ||
| Miller | ||
| Atkinson and Shiffrin |
QUESTION 28
- The order of the three stages of language comprehension is:
| A. | parsing, perception, utilization. | |
| B. | parsing, utilization, perception. | |
| C. | perception, parsing, utilization. | |
| D. | utilization, parsing, perception. |
QUESTION 29
- The problem space includes the start state, goal state, and ________________.
| moves that lead to a correct solution | ||
| all states, possible or not. | ||
| heuristics | ||
| algorithms |
QUESTION 30
- Together, short-term mental storage and manipulation operations are called
| immediate memory | ||
| active memory | ||
| working memory | ||
| short-term memory |
QUESTION 31
- When speakers correct themselves, they tend to correct:
| A. | the entire phrase. | |
| B. | the entire clause. | |
| C. | the entire sentence. | |
| D. | only the incorrect word. |
QUESTION 32
- You are helping coach a Little League team. You notice that your players have a better batting stance and swing after you demonstrate the proper technique. What is a possible explanation for this observation?
| motor imagery | ||
| PM processing | ||
| vicarious learning | ||
| motor priming |
QUESTION 33
- ______________ takes place after a stimulus is identified and before a response is executed.
| Motor imagery | ||
| Motor priming | ||
| Motor anticipation | ||
| Intentions |
