Being a critical consumer of relevant, evidenced-based literature is essential throughout your professional career. Research and practice go “hand in hand” to better understand how we as providers can deliver best care and treatment. Clients will come to you, trusting that you have the knowledge and skills to help them overcome the obstacles they face. Much of this course requires you to search out relevant literature to complete your assignments. There are several reasons for this, research is ever-changing and advancing our clinical knowledge.
As such, this study guide is fashioned to provide you with specific questions that will direct you to finding the most relevant and updated answers. Its organization is collective and is not categorized by weekly topics; because of this, I encourage you to organize this study guide in a manner that makes sense to you. The answers will come from your required reading and can also be enhanced and found through your own online searching. A good way of ensuring that you finding relevant, evidenced-based literature is to use online search engines like google scholar and your OLLU Library online resource.
(NOTE: Every question of the final exam is on this study guide, so, make sure you use this in your study each week—you will thank yourself in 7 short weeks!)
- Define Mental Disorders.
- What is a Dual Diagnosis? Under what circumstances would it be appropriate give a dual diagnosis? (Refers only to DSM IV-R. Check to see how this would be different now.)
- What is a Principal or Primary Diagnosis? (Refers to Both DSM IV-TR and DSM-5 Make sure to check on the evolution of definitions and instructions for use.)
- What takes preference in terms of a principle diagnosis, Axis I or Axis II? (Refers only to DSM IV-TR)
- Why doesn’t the DSM-5 incorporate the Multi-Axial system any longer?
- What is a Provisional Diagnosis? When would you use this Diagnosis?
- What are “specifiers”? How do you use them? Why? (Refers to Both DSM IV-TR and DSM-5 Make sure to check on the evolution of definitions and instructions for use.)
- What code do you use if you are deferring a diagnosis? (Refers to DSM IV-TR only)
- When should you use the code V71.09? (Refers only to DSM IV–TR only)
- What were the four situations in which “Not Otherwise Specified” (NOS) can be used? (Refers only to DSM IV-TR)
- Where do you record “provisional” if you use it?
- What is the ICD-9-CM: International Classification of Diseases? When did the ICD-10 planned to take the ICD-9’s place? How will that align with the DSM-5?
- How many Axes are there on the Multi-axial assessment? (Refers only to the DSM IV-TR?)
- In the DSM IV-TR what would you do if you have a medical diagnosis such as a urinary tract infection that was causing delirium?
- What do you do to indicate that you’re deferring a diagnosis?
- What is a V-code?
- When do you give a Z-Code?
- What does GAF stand for? What do you use it for? (Refers to the DSM-IV-TR?)
- How do you decide what the GAF score is? (Refers to the DSM-IV-TR?)
- What constitutes a psychosocial or environmental problem? (Refers to the DSM-IV-TR?)
- What are the pros and cons to using the DSM?
- Explain why the DSM is a “work in progress?” Why has it been updated several times?
- What are some important and useful reasons for the creation and use of the DSM?
- How does the SW Perspective differ from the medical, socio, and psychological fields in terms of looking at psychopathology?
- What was the emphasis/view in the Dark Ages for treating individuals who were mentally ill? How was mental health viewed? What were the beliefs regarding the cause of mental illness?
- What are important subjects that should not be avoided by a clinician when interviewing clients (e.g., suicidal thoughts and behaviors, etc.)?
- What three types of Person in Environment (PIE) situations are likely to produce problems in social problems?
- What politics have been involved with the DSM Manuel’s in terms of diagnoses?
- How do are social values impact our conceptualization of mental health?
- What professionals should be included on an inter-professional collaboration when assessing for Pervasive Developmental Disorders?
- Explain how a mental health diagnosis has utility to help clinicians?
- How do are conceptualizations (theories we use) affect our evaluations and treatment?
- Consider the perspectives these authors use for their book’s framework.
- What are some of the limitations of the authors using a lifespan approach for their book?
- What does DSM stand for?
- What is a syndrome?
- Mental diagnoses are made up of?
- Does Autism have a single cause? If so or not, explain.
- What are some major difference between Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) and Conduct Disorder (CD)?
- Why is Attachment theory recognized as useful for working with differing clinical populations?
- What are the hierarchic principles?
- What are the benefits of the DSM?
- What are the criticisms of the DSM?
- What influences do the pharmaceutical companies have on psychiatry?
- What acronym can guide you in formulating a treatment plan (hint: Your instructor emphasizes this when creating a treatment plan, not found in any readings)?
- The authors note that the DSM offers a system of classification and it’s not a representative of truth. What does this mean?
- Is the DSM considered a work in progress?
- Is child abuse written as a diagnosis or a V code and why?
- What is purpose for using the Mental Status Examination?
- How do you use the MSE?
- What domains does the MSE cover?
- What kinds of signs/symptoms are you looking for?
- How do you check for various symptoms?
- What are some important precautions you need to take when you are conducting your assessment?
- What is the difference between mood and affect?
- What are some of the factors you need to consider when you are assessing someone’s quality of speech?
- What is the difference between someone’s quality of speech and how their speech is organized?
- What are some of the symptomatology involving thoughts?
- What can someone’s initial appearance and behavior reflect?
- What type of questions are the best to ask a patient when trying to elicit information?
- What is the difference between compulsive thoughts and obsessive thoughts?
- What does depersonalization mean?
- What are Ruminations?
- According to Dr. Robert Fridel Borderline Personality Disorder what clusters can it be broken down into? (***If you have trouble locating where this is in your assigned readings, you can search online to find this questions source)
- What are feelings of unreality based on DSM?
- Explain the symptoms doubting and indecision?
- What are feelings of reference? What diagnosis or diagnoses is this a symptom of?
- What are compulsions? What diagnosis or diagnoses is this a symptom of?
- Explain what Free-Floating Anxiety is?
- What are somatic preoccupations?
- What are the different types of hallucinations?
- What is the difference between an auditory hallucination and a delusion?
- How do you assess memory?
- Why is understanding your patient’s level of insight important?
- Why is it important to test a patient’s perception and coordination?
- When might it be better to conduct a Rapid MSE instead of a comprehensive one?
- From the MSE, what are some client behaviors observed that would describe their posture? (***when dealing with MSE language, there are commonly accepted terms)
- What MSE category would clumsy, restless, still, and tics be under? (***when dealing with MSE language, there are commonly accepted terms)
- What are some MSE descriptive terms for a client’s affect? (***when dealing with MSE language, there are commonly accepted terms)
- What MSE category would orientation, attention, concentration, memory, abstract, and reasoning and judgment be under? (***when dealing with MSE language, there are commonly accepted terms)
- What MSE category would pronunciation, inflection, tone, and pressure of speech fall under? (***when dealing with MSE language, there are commonly accepted terms)
- What are some MSE descriptive terms for a client’s organization of speech? (***when dealing with MSE language, there are commonly accepted terms)
- What are some symptoms affecting a client’s perceptions (MSE)? (***when dealing with MSE language, there are commonly accepted terms)
- Why is it important to be aware of your patient’s educational background?
- What does it mean when a person’s affect is incongruent with the subject being discussed?
- When a patient is perceived as having a deficit in their cognitive functioning it is best to proceed with the exam ______?
- Define Transactional framework? Why is this important to understand?
- Define resiliency? Analyze its meaning and how this may be unique to each client?
- What is the term used to describe that individuals are nested within larger systems. While various labels are used, they include the family, community, society including its culture(s) and socialization into that/those cultures, and our global community?
- What is Risk and Protective Factor Framework? Why is it important to look at risk and protective factors when working with clients? How does it benefit treatment?
- What are the two primary areas of the Developmental Framework?
- What is historical trauma?
- What are some of the losses that individuals affected by historical trauma experience?
- What are some of the questions you should consider asking patients when you think about inquiring about historical trauma?
- What are some micro and macro types of trauma?
- What are considered some cultural buffers?
- What does Miller not as the 3 stages of recovery?
- What does it mean to be a “silenced group?”
- What is Ghost Sickness (sometimes associated with witchcraft)? What cultures is this belief accepted amongst?
- Explain what an episode of Koro is and how it is experienced by a client? What cultures is this belief accepted amongst?
- Explain what Locura, used by Latinos in the US and Latin America?
- Explain what an episode of Shin-byung is and how it is experienced by a client? What cultures is this belief accepted amongst?
- What is the syndrome known as Rootwork? What cultures is this belief accepted amongst?
- How is historical trauma passed down through generations?
- How might your own thinking about privilege affect someone you who does not share the same privileges that you are seeing as a clinician?
- What might some of the ramifications of not thinking about your own privileges when serving someone who does not share the same privileges?
- Ethno-pharmacology is the study of the effect of ethnicity on responses to prescribed medication specifically in what four areas?
- What is the difference between pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics?
- Research suggests that there are some differences in how some subgroups respond to medication. Compare and contrast the information and explain why this information is important for social workers to be aware of?
- What are some examples of questions that should asked about in a cultural assessment in order to assure that important components are not overlooked?
- Why is it important for social workers to be knowledgeable about medications and possible side effects?
- Discuss why knowing someone’s culture is important for diagnosis and treatment.
- Identify and describe some of the functions of the seven major neurotransmitters.
- Describe how a drug moves through a body?
- Explain why it is important for social workers to know and understand drugs, both positive and negative drug effects and body responses.
- Explain why it is important for social workers to know and understand drugs, even though social workers don’t prescribe or don’t provide psychopharmacological treatment?
- What types of drugs put individuals at risk for abuse/addiction?
- Why is it important to monitor lithium levels and what are some of the risks of using Lithium?
- Explain some of the risks of using herbal treatments with medication?
- Define what Evidence Based Practice is and why it is important to understand and use?
- What are the main components associated with prolonged exposure (PE) therapy/treatment?
What diagnosis is this treatment used for? When would it be appropriate to use? - List stress inoculation techniques? What clinical populations are they used for?
- What are some key interventions to treat a client diagnosed with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder? (***Key interventions will be evidenced-based and supported as best practice when working with this clinical population)
CASE STUDY REVIEW
Review DSM V sections on:
Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders – pp. 87 thru 122
Depressive Disorders – pp. 155 to 188
Anxiety Disorders – pp. 189 to 233
