This assignment is due uploaded to Blackboard Assignments (do not email it to me unless you can’t upload to Blackboard) and will take the place of 1/3 of Exam 2. Like the previous assignment, this assignment is open-book, but your WORDS MUST BE YOUR OWN! Cutting and pasting (even if you cite the reference) and/or changing a few words here and there from an already existing sentence is still considered plagiarism! Like the previous assignment, you will be uploading it as a Turnitin assignment, which is specifically designed to detect plagiarism. Plagiarism of any kind will not be tolerated. Be sure to cite any references that you used.
Chapter 40 Questions
- Why are both blood and bone considered to be connective tissue? What do they have in common? How are they different? (5 points)
- Compare and contrast the epithelial cells of blood vessels (the endothelium) with the epithelial cells lining the inside of the small intestine. How are they different from one another? How do substances (like nutrients) pass from one side of the cells to the other in both cases? (6 points)
- Interestingly, sterility is one of the consequences of overusing anabolic steroids (like synthetic testosterone). Why? What kind of coordination and control is occurring here? How do you think it happens? (4 points)
- When you get a sunburn, part of why you may turn bright red is because your body is trying to cool you off. In terms of what you learned in this chapter, where does the redness come from? If you don’t sweat, how does the heat primarily transfer to the environment? (4 points).
- Would an ectotherm or endotherm be better able to survive the following situations and why: (3 points each, 6 points total)
- an extended period of food deprivation in a cool environment?
- an extended period of temperatures above 100° F where food is plenty?
In your answer, define ectoderm/endoderm, and address their metabolic rates.
- How can a homeotherm be an ectotherm? How can an endotherm be a poikilotherm? (4 points)
- Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) are born in freshwater environments and then migrate to the sea. Near the end of their lives, they return to the freshwater stream where they were born to spawn. In fresh water, water constantly diffuses into the body and ions are lost from the body. In salt water, body water diffuses out of the body and excess ions are gained from the water. A salmon’s gills have special cells to pump salt in or out of the body to maintain homeostasis. In response to the salmon’s moves between fresh water and salt water, some cells in the gills are produced and others are destroyed. These changes are made in the cells of the gills during the lifetime of an individual salmon. What type of adjustment is this in the salmon? (2 points)
- Using the figure of the human circadian clock (Figure 40.9), discuss what the typical metabolic rate of an individual would be during different times of the day. In your answer talk about how temperature, activity, and heart rate can affect metabolic activity. (4 points)
