Intelligence has been a controversial topic in the history of psychology and there still continues to be disagreement in the components that are responsible for the make-up of it (Cherry, 2018). There are several theories of intelligence. Major theories include the following:
General Intelligence (Charles Spearman) used factor analysis to examine mental aptitude.
Primary Mental Abilities (Louis Thurstone) focused on seven mental abilities.
- Verbal comprehension
- Reasoning
- Perceptual speed
- Numerical ability
- Associative memory
- Spatial visualization
Multiple Intelligences (Howard Gardner) instead of IQ test scores, (8) types of intelligences based on skills and abilities.
- Visual-spatial intelligence
- Verbal-linguistic intelligence
- Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence
- Logical-mathematical intelligence
- Interpersonal intelligence
- Musical intelligence
- Intrapersonal intelligence
- Naturalistic intelligence
Triarchic Theory of Intelligence (Robert Sternberg) Referred to “successful intelligence,” which involves three different factors.
- Analytical/Componential intelligence: Your problem-solving abilities.
- Creative/Experiential intelligence: Your capacity to deal with new situations using past experiences and current skills.
- Practical/Contextual intelligence: Your ability to adapt to a changing environment.
Cherry, K. (2018). Theories of intelligence in psychology. Retrieved from: https://www.verywellmind.com/theories-of-intelligence-2795035
Question: There are major questions about intelligence and IQ testing still. Chose a question below and support your answer. * You may earn participation points for answering a question on intelligence.
- Is intelligence a single ability, or does it involve an assortment of multiple skills and abilities?
- Is intelligence inherited, or does the environment play a larger role?
- Are intelligence tests biased?
- What do intelligence scores predict, if anything?
